Periodontal Disease

What is periodontal disease?

Periodontal disease, or gum disease, is a condition that develops when bacteria invade the space below the gum line, causing the gum tissue to pull away from tooth surfaces and eventually causing tooth root weakening and tooth loss. Periodontal disease is characterized by a buildup of plaque and tartar (hardened plaque) at the gum line. Tartar and plaque promote the development of harmful bacteria. As they multiply, these bacteria release toxins that cause the gum tissue to recede and can result in infection and abscesses below the gum and around the tooth roots. Gum disease is the leading cause of adult tooth loss in the U.S.

What are the signs and symptoms of gum disease?

In its earliest stages (called gingivitis), gum disease typically causes few or no symptoms; most adults in the U.S. have gum disease and don't even realize it. As it progresses. Periodontal disease can cause symptoms such as:

• red, swollen gums

• tender gums

• sensitive teeth

• bleeding gums

• chronic bad breath

How is periodontal disease treated?

The best way to treat gum disease is to have regular dental checkups so gum disease can be caught in its earliest and most treatable stages. Once it progresses, gum disease can be treated with special deep-cleaning techniques called root scaling and planing. During these procedures, special instruments are used to reach below the gum line and remove bacteria, debris and toxins, smoothing rough spots where bacteria often lodge. Medication may also be used to ensure bacteria are eradicated around the root and to help prevent the disease from recurring. No matter what stage of gum disease is present, Dr. Rayet will provide you with specific, detailed instructions on how to care for your teeth to help reduce your risks for gum disease in the future.